The theatre of the Moravska banovina (or Moravska administrative province), as it was originally called, was built on Sinđelićev Square in 1939. It is one of the recognizable landmarks both of the architectural and cultural heritage of Niš. The building almost completely retained its original appearance, both in terms of the interior and exterior, owing to expert interventions which are nowadays, unfortunately, rare. The designer was the architect Vsevolod Tatarinov, one of several representatives of the Russian emigrants.

The initiative for the new building of the theatre was given by the ban (or head administrator) of the Moravska banovina of the time, Marko Novaković. The building was designed in the spirit of the early Moderne style of  architecture, which is characterized by the absence of decoration. The area occupied by the building is retracted from the main, or Voždova Street, which allows unobstructed access from all sides.

The layout has an extremely clear function, which even nowadays satisfies the demands for the organization of performances for around 700 spectators.

The stage section was extended in 1946, according to the designs of the architect Aleksandar Medvedev, and the gallery was reconstructed by Professor Momčilo Belobrk from Belgrade in 1967.